Combined rule



C. D. JANSSEN.

COMBINED EULE, GALIPEES. AND LEVEL. No. 830,589.

(No Model.)

MAM/IMLI m 1.1.2. 1.., MV1

x a citizen of the United States, residing at Toruseful Improvements in Combination-Tools,

,venient manner a number of different toolsvchanical arts; and to this end the invention l4 is a sectional View on the line l 2, Fig. v3.

,our other suitable metal, and consists, essentially, of hollow arms or sections A B, con` .ranged that the sections may be locked in any Nirn Srarns C. Mannion JANSSEN, or fronnrNeroN, CONNECTICUT.

COMBINED RULE, CALIPERS, AND LEVEL.

SPEGIPICATN forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,589, dated November 17, 1885.

Application filed May 22, 1885.

To @ZZ whom it may concern: y

Be it known that I, C. Drnnnrcrr J ANssnN,

rington, in the county of Litcheld and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and of which the following is a specification. The object of my invention is to combine in one instrument in asimple, compact, and consueh as are most commonly used in the nieconsists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as fully set forth hereinafter, whereby I attain the object in view.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a face view of my improved tool partly spread. Fig. 2 is a face view 0f part of the instrument when closed. Fig. 3 is a partial edge view. Fig.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the hinge-point, and Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 3 4 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a detached view in perspective of one of the compass-point bearings.

The instrument is preferably made of cast nected at one end by a hinge-joint, C, so arposition to which they are adjusted, as described hereinafter, and the front face of each arm is graduated with rulemeasurement, while the opposite side and outer edge are also graduated, but each to a different scale. The face of the joint C is graduated to degrees at the edge thereof, so that when the arms or sections A B are spread the angle which they bear to one another may be accurately determined and controlled. The inner edge of the section A is provided with openings o" r, within which are pivoted the ends of links r r2, connected in a like manner at their opposite ends to a parallel ruler, F, graduated as usual. To retain the ruler F in either its closed or spread position, I flatten the inner end of the link r where it projectsinto the section A, and within the hollow portion of the latter I provide a spring, s, suitably connected at one end to said section, while its opposite end bears upon the end of the link, as

shown in Fig. 4. Thus it will be seen that Serial No. 166,406. (No model.)

when the spring bears upon either of the flattened faces of the link the ruler will be locked in place until sufficient force is applied to overcome the pressure of the spring. The strength of the spring, however, is not very great, and the ruler may be readily adj usted, so that it can be used as a sectional liner, or for any other purpose for which an instrument of this kind is designed.

To adapt the instrument for use as a compass or protraetor, I provide the sections A B, respectively, with compass-points D E, so arranged that the latter may be entirely inclosed by the sections, as shown in Fig. 4, or be readily extended beyond the ends vof said sections to bring the points into operative position. Each point is sharpened at one end, as usual, and provided at the other end with a anged head, fw, and a threaded neck, w', which latter screws into a threaded support at or near the end of the inclosing section, so as to sustain the point in place when adjusted to its outward position. Thus the neck of the point E screws into a threaded opening, t, in the end of the section B, in which position it is iixedly held, while the neck of the point D, when outwardly adjusted, screws into a nut, i, swiveled in bearings in the walls of the section A and carrying a spring-arm, f, rigidly secured at one end to the nut, while its opposite end bears against the section A. By this construction the point D, when in its extended position, has a slightly yielding bearing, which permits of alimited as well as a very tine adjustment of the point within its inclosing section, and this adjustment is effected against the action of the spring-army by a set-screw, c, arranged to bear against the point, as shown in Fig. 4. The points D E are supported in their inward position, as shown in Fig. 4, by springs c, projecting at one end under the iianged heads w of said points, while the opposite ends of the springs are secured to one of the walls of the inclosing sections A B. rlhe set-screw z is made inl sections which are hinged together, the inner section only being threaded, while the outer section is of an approximate L shape and serves as a handle or knob by which the screw may be adjusted. After adjusting the screw the outer section or knob may be swung into a recess formed in the edge of the arm or section A to receive it. In a suitable recess in the inner edge of the section B, I placea spirit-level, Y, of the usual type, so that when the sections A B are spread the instrument serves the purpose of an ordinary level or plumb.

To make the joint C connecting the sections A B as true as possible and, at the same time prevent its rapid wear, I provide the adjacent faces of said sections each with an annular groove, c, into which is placed a bearingring, d. A pin, X, constituting the center of the joint, is fixedly connected to one of the sections, and is screw-threaded at its end to receive a thumb-nut, g, by which the parts are clamped togetherafter adjustment. y

By adjusting the sections A B to any desired angle with respect to each other, which may be accurately controlled by the graduations on the face of the connectingjoint, the instrument may readily be converted into a square-such as ordinarily used-or into a quadrant or angle of any desired degree.

To facilitate the manufacture of the instrument, and at the same time render it capable of being readily repaired when occasion requires, If make the sections A B Open on one side, and after properly adjusting the various parts within the sections the openings in the latter are closed by plates N, secured in place y by suitable screws, o.

Instead of making the instrument of metal, y as described, it will be obvious that it maybe made of wood or any other suitable material.

From the foregoing description it will bei seen that my invention comprises in one in 1 Y, strument an ordinary jointed rule, a parallel i connected, each section being provided on its inner face with an annular groove encircling the pivot of the sections, and a ring fitting said grooves, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, With a rule consisting of hollow arms or sections, joined as described, of compass-points adapted to bearings in the ends of said sections, and springs for retaining the points entirely within the hollow secg tions, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a rule consisting of hollow sections, joined as described, of ad justable compass-points, one of which is adapt- .ed to a fixed bearing in the end of one of said sections, while the other point is adapted to a yielding bearing within the other section,` and a jointed set-screw carried by the latter'seetion, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with arule consisting of h 5. The combination, with a sectional rule,

joined as described, of a parallel ruler linked to the inner edge of one of said sections, and a spring for retaining the parallel ruler in different positions, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a rule consisting of hollow sections variously graduated, as described, of a hinge-joint graduated into degrees and connecting said sections, a locking device, as described, for retaining the sections in place after adjustment, a parallel ruler, ad-

jnstable compass-points, and a spirit-level, 'substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

C. DIEDRICH JANSSEN.

Witnesses:

GIDEoN H. WELCH, GEORGE A. ALLEN. 

